Joseph NM, Benedick A, Flanagan CD, et al. - A prospective study was conducted to distinguish risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traumatic injury. Over a 15-month period, 300 men (66%) and 152 women treated for traumatic injuries were administered the PTSD checklist for a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition survey during their first post-hospital visit. At 3 months after the injury, one-quarter of trauma patients screened positive for PTSD. The findings reveal that a mechanism of injury is a risk factor for PTSD, and younger adults, victims of crime, and pedestrians struck by motor vehicles are at higher risk. These observations provide the potential to more effectively target and refer vulnerable patient populations to appropriate treatment.