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School-based interventions to prevent anxiety and depression in children and young people: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

The Lancet Psychiatry Dec 05, 2019

Caldwell DM, Davies SR, Hetrick SE, et al. - Because recent policies have focused on the primary prevention of anxiety and depression in youth—with schools at the forefront of implementation—researchers assessed the comparative effectiveness of the multiple interventions available. They performed a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 137 studies representing 56,620 participants. Considering the unclear risk of bias and probable small study effects for anxiety, there was weak evidence suggesting a possible utility of cognitive-behavioral interventions for reducing anxiety in primary and secondary settings. Mindfulness and relaxation-based interventions showed a reduction in anxiety symptoms relative to the usual curriculum in universal secondary settings. Based on this work, educational setting-based interventions focused solely on the prevention of depression or anxiety seem to be effective.

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