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Presence or absence of choroidal hyper-transmission by SD-OCT imaging distinguishes inflammatory from neovascular lesions in myopic eyes

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology Jan 14, 2020

Shi X, et al. - The characteristics of choroidal transmission in punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) with or without choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and myopic CNV (mCNV) were compared utilizing spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). In this retrospective observational case series of 22 consecutive myopic patients (22 eyes), who complained of acute blurring of vision and provided evidence of hyper-reflective material on SD-OCT imaging, a comprehensive eye examination and imaging with fundus fluorescein angiography, SD-OCT, and SD-OCT angiography (SD-OCTA) were undertaken in each patient. At baseline, no evidence of blood flow was identified in any of the PIC lesions on OCTA imaging. However, researchers observed flow signals within the subretinal neovascularization on SD-OCTA and subretinal or intra-retinal fluid on SD-OCT imaging in all of the eyes with mCNV. Subretinal hyper-reflectivity associated with choroidal hypo-transmission was observed in these eyes with mCNV in accompaniment with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and ellipsoid zone disruption. Outcomes here suggest the possible utility of SD-OCT imaging for noninvasively discriminating and tracking the progression of inflammatory lesions and myopic CNV by using the presence of choroidal hyper-transmission as a sign of just an inflammatory lesion and the presence hypo-transmission as a sign of a secondary CNV, which affords a convenient strategy for diagnosis and treatment of these lesions.
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