Anzueto AR, et al. - Researchers performed this post-hoc analysis of moderate-to-very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients from the FLAME study to compare indacaterol/glycopyrronium (IND/GLY) 110/50 μg once daily vs salmeterol/fluticasone (SFC) 50/500 μg twice daily with respect to efficacy in attenuating the risk of clinically important deterioration (CID). The definition of CID included ≥100 mL decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁) or ≥ 4-unit increase in St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) total score or a moderate-to-severe COPD exacerbation. They found that compared with SFC, IND/GLY reduced the risk of CID and, long-term exacerbation outcomes in these patients with a history of ≥1 exacerbations in the previous year were significantly influenced by CID.