Dantas WS, et al. - Given that an exacerbated inflammation, which is implicated in cardiometabolic dysfunction, characterize polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), researchers performed this study including obese/overweight PCOS women and their controls, to determine how inflammatory responses among the participants were influenced by acute exercise [a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (30 min at ∼65% of VO_2peak)]. A decline in plasma and muscle TNF-α and an increase in plasma and muscle IL-4 and plasma IL-10 were induced by exercise in PCOS cases. In PCOS, higher IKKα/β and JNK phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, evident immediately before the exercise session, was significantly attenuated after exercise, approaching control levels. Overall, the inflammatory milieu in PCOS cases can be mitigated by exercise. In PCOS, the cardiometabolic protection by exercise may be due to its anti-inflammatory role.