Carvalho MDCG, Ximenes RAA, Montarroyos UR, et al. - Children with Zika-related microcephaly were examined for the incidence of epilepsy in the first 24 months of life. Further, the associated clinical and electrographic findings were characterized; and the treatment responses were summarized. A cohort of 91 children was followed; these children were born during the 2015-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil, with congenital microcephaly and had evidence of congenital ZIKV infection on neuroimaging and/or laboratory testing. Researchers identified the cumulative incidence of epilepsy of 71.4% in the first 24 months; Infantile spasms were the main type of seizure (83.1%). The incidence of seizures was highest between 3 and 9 months of age, and the risk remained high until 15 months of age. Atypical electroencephalographic abnormalities were identified in these children; cortical abnormalities were recognized in 78.4% of the 74 children evaluated by CT and 100% of the 53 children evaluated by MRI. The seizure control rate was low. In the second year, the onset of seizures was less frequent and, when it transpired, manifested as focal epilepsy.