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Cytisine vs varenicline for smoking cessation in New Zealand indigenous Māori: A randomized controlled trial

Addiction Mar 29, 2021

Walker N, Smith B, Barnes J, et al. - This pragmatic, open‐label, randomised, community‐based non‐inferiority trial was conducted to ascertain if cytisine demonstrated at least as efficacious as varenicline in supporting smoking abstinence for ≥ 6 months in New Zealand indigenous Māori or whānau (extended‐family) of Māori, due to the high smoking prevalence in this group. Overall 679 participants were randomized 1:1 to a prescription for 12 weeks of cytisine or varenicline, combined with low‐intensity cessation behavioral support from the prescribing doctor and community stop‐smoking services or a research assistant. Findings revealed that among New Zealand indigenous Māori or whānau (extended‐family) of Māori, cytisine proved to be at least as effective as varenicline for supporting smoking abstinence with significantly fewer adverse events. Verified continuous abstinence rates 6 months after the quit date were 12.1% for cytisine vs 7.9% for varenicline. Self-reported adverse events over 6 months were seen significantly more often in the varenicline group vs the cytisine group, with headache, nausea, and difficulty sleeping being the common ones.

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