Grynberg M, Labrosse J, Smires BB, et al. - Researchers herein examined if and how unilateral oophorectomy influences the correlation between serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels and antral follicle count (AFC). They assessed 41 infertile women, with no polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and no endometriosis, aged 19–42 years old, having undergone unilateral oophorectomy (One Ovary group; average time since surgery: 23.8 ± 2.2 months) and retrospectively age-matched (±1 year) them with 205 infertile women having two intact ovaries and similar clinical features (Control group). As expected, before correction, One Ovary group had lower mean serum AMH levels (1.46 ± 0.2 vs 2.77 ± 0.1 ng/ml) and total AFC (7.3 ± 0.6 vs 15.1 ± 0.4 follicles) relative to the Control group, respectively. Yet, after correction, the two groups had comparable per-ovary AMH levels (1.46 ± 0.2 vs 1.39 ± 0.1 ng/ml) and total AFC (7.3 ± 0.6 vs 7.5 ± 0.2 follicles) values. Patients having undergone unilateral oophorectomy had relatively unchanged age of menopause onset. Mechanisms that occur to preserve and maintain ovarian function in this context remain to be elucidated.