Hammitt LL, et al. - In this study involving both children and adults in Kenya, researchers evaluated ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) effect against nasopharyngeal carriage and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). Through the course of over 3.2 million person-years of observation, surveillance identified 667 cases of IPD. According to findings, PCV10 introduction in Kenya, accompanied by a catch-up campaign, resulted in a significant reduction of PCV10-type IPD in children and adults without significant replacement disease. While the catch-up campaign is likely to have brought forward the benefits over several years, the outcomes suggests that routine infant immunization programs for PCV10 may provide substantial direct and indirect protection in tropical Africa's low-income settings.