Voskamp PWM, et al. - Experts scrutinized the connection between vitamin K antagonist use and the rate of renal function decline and time until the beginning of dialysis in incident pre-dialysis patients. They analyzed data from nine hundred eighty-four patients from the PREdialysis PAtient REcord study, a multicenter follow-up study of patients with chronic kidney disease who started pre-dialysis care in the Netherlands (1999–2011). Findings revealed that the use of vitamin K antagonists was not connected with an accelerated kidney function decline or an earlier start of dialysis compared to non-use in incident pre-dialysis patients. Results of this study suggested that the absence of information on the indication for vitamin K antagonist use could lead to confounding by indication.