Musco S, et al. - The available evidence on urodynamics predicting upper urinary tract damage (UUTD) was evaluated during this study, in patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD). A higher risk of developing UUTD [mainly reported as hydronephrosis (HDN)] was found in patients with spina bifida (SB) and spinal cord injury (SCI) as compared to those with multiple sclerosis (MS). Major risk factors for UUTD were reduced compliance and high DLPP. The mandatory role of urodynamics in the management of NLUTD was clarified. However, standardization and better implementation of assessments in routine practice could additionally improve the outcomes of neuro-urological patients based on objective measurements, ie urodynamics.