Thomas CE, Wang R, Adams-Haduch J, et al. - Researchers examined the performance of serum and urinary cotinine, which are validated biomarkers for cigarette exposure, for lung cancer risk prediction. They conducted a nested case-control study including 452 incident lung cancer cases and 452 smoking-matched controls in the Shanghai Cohort Study. Lung cancer cases exhibited significantly higher serum and urinary cotinine levels than controls. A risk prediction model produced an AUC of 0.72 (95% CI: 0.69-0.75) and 0.72 (95% CI: 0.69-0.75) for serum cotinine and urinary total cotinine combined with smoking history, respectively. Findings thus suggested the comparable performance of urinary and serum cotinine in the prediction of lung cancer risk for current smokers.