Williams LA, Hubbard AK, Scheurer ME, et al. - This study was undertaken to determine if the incidence of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumour has increased over time across geographic regions. Included in the study were 56,468 CNS cancers. Age-standardized incidence rates were highest for astrocytic tumours globally in 2012. All cancers globally showed a male excess in incidence. Globally, generalized estimating equations models display a decreased incidence of astrocytic tumours and increased incidence of medulloblastoma, ependymal tumours, glioma of uncertain origin and other embryonal tumours. Regional variation was observed in incidence trends. Over time, countries switching from lower to higher Human Development Index did not seem to drive observed incidence trends. It is important to perform epidemiological and molecular research on the underlying mechanisms for improvements in the global incidence of CNS tumours.