Weng YW, Chen IT, Tsai HC, et al. - Changes in the prevalence of HIV transmitted drug resistance (TDR) following the implementation of a fixed regimen of HIV treatment in Taiwan in 2012 were investigated. Antiretroviral treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals who participated in voluntary counseling and testing between 2007 and 2015 in southern Taiwan were assessed for TDR. Using the HIVdb program from the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database, researchers interpreted antiretroviral resistance mutations. From 2007 to 2015, they obtained sequences from 377 consecutive individuals. From 2007 to 2011 and from 2012 to 2015, the study population displayed the overall prevalence rates of TDR HIV of 10.6 and 7.9%, respectively. After 2012, K103 N and V179D + K103R were more frequently observed among the detected mutations. Outcomes revealed no significant increase in the TDR during the 4-year follow-up period in correlation to a fixed treatment regimen with zidovudine/lamivudine + efavirenz or nevirapine as first-line therapy for treatment-naïve patients infected with HIV. They observed an increase in non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors resistance associated with mutations after 2012 and suggest the necessity for a longer follow-up period and a larger sample size in future studies.