Inohara T, et al. - In order to better characterize management trends and outcomes of those with vascular disease who have new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), researchers performed this study using the ORBIT-AF II registry. They focused on treatment and outcomes in those with or without vascular disease among a study sample of patients with new-onset AF. They defined vascular disease as coronary disease with or without myocardial infarction or revascularization, or peripheral artery disease. Major adverse cardiovascular or neurological events and major bleeding were the main outcomes of interest. They found oral anticoagulation was used to manage the majority of patients with AF and vascular disease. Concomitant antiplatelet therapy was used to treat nearly half of them but was found to be related to increased risk of bleeding, with no improvement in cardiovascular outcomes.