Lin YH, et al. - A nationwide observational cohort study was conducted to examine the surgical outcomes patients with urinary retention (UR) caused by a benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), and compare the long-term treatment outcomes between patients who received medication only and those who underwent surgical intervention. In patients with UR caused by BPO, TURP provided more favorable clinical outcomes compared with conservative treatment. A lower risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), repeat UR episodes, and emergent bony fracture were noted in patients who underwent TURP. Early surgical intervention, therefore, ought to be considered for such patients.