Wang JL, et al. - The relationship between thiazolidinediones, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) agonists, and incidence of bacterial abscess among patients with type 2 diabetes was examined in this retrospective cohort study. Participants in the study were 46,986 propensity (PS)-matched patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2000 and 2010. The incidence rate of bacterial abscess was lower with metformin plus a thiazolidinedione (M+T) vs metformin plus a sulfonylurea (M+S) treatment in the PS-matched cohort during a median follow-up of 4.5 years. In reducing the incidence of bacterial abscesses, M+T might provide a protective benefit.