Kohler M, et al. - In this prospective longitudinal study, the researchers investigated whether neurocognitive function was recovered four years post-adenotonsillectomy for sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children, as well as whether body mass status influences that outcome. Participants in the study were 3-12-year-old children recruited from an otolaryngology clinic. The findings demonstrated that adenotonsillectomy did not improve neurocognitive performance long term, but did improve nocturnal ventilation and sleep quality. Results suggested that excess body mass could place children with SDB at increased risk of neurocognitive performance deficits.