van der Leeuw G, et al. - An analysis of the longitudinal association between pain (Medical Outcomes Study pain severity scale) and major cognitive impairment (Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status and the Trail Making Test Delta) using Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity and education was performed. From the Central Control of Mobility in Aging Study, 441 participants without dementia were studied; these included 285 with pain, aged 65 years and older. Results suggest that pain is not associated with incident cognitive impairment in general, however, among older adults with pain, high levels of pain could contribute to incident memory impairment.