Park H, et al. - According to age groups, the association between H. pylori infection and advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) in patients <50 and ≥50 years of age receiving a health check-up that included colonoscopy was determined. Helicobacter pylori positivity was determined based on the results of serum anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G activity or a rapid urease test. A greater risk of ACN was reported in patients <50 years of age due to Helicobacter pylori, unlike patients ≥50 years of age. There was a positive correlation between H. pylori infection and ACN, which was influenced by smoking history. Hence, it was determined that this association could vary based on age and smoking history.