Espersen R, Rejnmark L, et al. - The immediate effects of milk intake on cardiovascular function were investigated.

• Twenty community-based postmenopausal women aged 60–80 years participated in this randomized crossover study.

• There was at least 10 days for washout between the two interventions, 500 ml of water with 200 µg of cholecalciferol or 500 ml of semi-skimmed milk containing approximately 600 mg of calcium with 200 µg of cholecalciferol.

• At baseline and after 4 h on each study day, measurement of parathyroid hormone and ionized calcium as well as pulse wave analysis and velocity was done.

• Findings revealed significant changes in calcium homeostasis with increased levels of ionized calcium following milk intake.

• However, there appeared no acute effects on measures of cardiovascular health.