Bariteau A, et al. - Researchers sought to address the controversy over the decision to anticoagulate patients with subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE) in this systematic review. They searched Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Google Scholar, and bibliographies in March 2017 and included 14 studies comprising 15,563 patients for full-length review and analysis. A clear inference about harm or benefit of anticoagulation for SSPE could not be made. Comparison of pooled data from uncontrolled outcome studies indicated that patients who were not anticoagulated did not exhibit an increase in venous thromboembolism recurrence or death rates. Data thereby indicate clinical equipoise for decision to anticoagulate or not anticoagulate patients with SSPE.