Evans MD, et al. - This study was performed in subjects with neutrophilic asthma, to investigate if inflammatory gene expressions are associated with patterns of airway inflammation and lung function, and to determine molecular markers. In asthmatics with a wide range of disease severity, IL-1 receptor appeared to be a marker of neutrophilic inflammation and airflow obstruction. A possible contribution of IL-1 pathway to airway neutrophilia was indicated, along with its potential as a therapeutic target in neutrophilic asthma.