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Sex- and gender-stratified risks of psychological factors for incident ischemic heart disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of the American Heart Association May 03, 2019

Smaardijk VR, et al. - Presuming that a broad range of psychological factors are associated with a higher risk for incident ischemic heart disease (IHD), which may be more pronounced among women, researchers assessed the risks of psychological factors for IHD incidence in women and men in this study. For this purpose, they analyzed data from 62 studies (77 separate reports) involving 2,145,679 women and 3,119,879 men. These studies were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycINFO, and reported confounder-adjusted hazard ratios or relative risks. The included psychological factors were depression, anxiety or panic disorder, social support, hostility, anger, personality (type D), type A behavior pattern, posttraumatic stress disorder, and psychological distress. Both women and men demonstrated a link between psychological factors and incident IHD; however, there were no significant differences between the sexes.

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