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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 serology levels in pregnant women and their neonates

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Feb 11, 2021

Kubiak JM, Murphy EA, Yee J, et al. - As there is no systematic study examining the immune response of pregnant women to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and the interplay of how the maternal immune response influences the neonatal passive immunity, researchers sought to describe the serologic response in pregnant women and determined how this serologic response associates with the maternal clinical presentation and with the rate and level of passive immunity that the neonate received from the mother. They analyzed a total of 88 serology positive pregnant women who gave birth and who tested positive for immunoglobulin M or immunoglobulin G against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Symptomatic pregnant women vs asymptomatic pregnant women had higher antibody levels. They performed serology studies in 34 women with symptom onset data and identified peaking of the maternal immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G levels around 15 and 30 days after the onset of coronavirus disease 2019 symptoms, respectively. Maternal serologies were identified to be correlated with symptomatic maternal infection, and higher levels of maternal antibodies were linked with passive neonatal immunity. Following were noted to be predictive of neonatal immunoglobulin G levels: the maternal immunoglobulin G levels and maternal use of oxygen support, a marker of disease severity. These data may provide further guidance for screening in this uniquely linked population of mothers and their neonates and can allow development of maternal vaccination strategies.

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