Gild ML, Chan M, Gajera J, et al. - Findings support the use of novel radiomic and radiologic strategies to assist with preoperative diagnosis of indeterminate thyroid nodules.

• Indeterminate thyroid nodules (Bethesda III) are difficult to characterize without diagnostic surgery.

• This retrospective review included 88 patients with Bethesda III nodules who underwent diagnostic surgery with final pathological diagnosis.

• Via TI-RADS (Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System), retrospective scoring of each nodule was performed, and two deep learning models were tested.

• For benign and for malignant nodules, the mean TI-RADS score was 3 and 4, respectively, and radiological high risk (TI-RADS 4,5) and low risk (TI-RADS 2,3) categories were defined.

• PPV for the high radiological risk class in those with >10 mm nodules was 85%, and NPV for low radiological risk in those >60 years (mean age) was 100%.

• Area under the curve value of the novel classifier was identified to be 0.75 and differed significantly from the chance-level.