Shono T, Oyama S, Oda Y, et al. - Based on real-world data obtained from community practices in Japan, researchers examined the findings of baseline colonoscopies at 17 community practices and assessed the risk of the occurrence of advanced neoplasia over a 5-year period. The sample consisted of 3,115 individuals over 40 years of age who had baseline colonoscopies and had at least one repeated colonoscopy within 5 years. Based on the endoscopic findings of the baseline colonoscopy, each group was classified: no neoplasia/diminutive polyp < 5 mm (N/D); small adenoma < 10 mm; advanced adenoma; invasive cancer, respectively. According to this retrospective cohort study, a close link was found between the endoscopic findings of baseline colonoscopies and subsequent advanced neoplasia development. For determining the optimal interval and frequency of colonoscopies over a 5-year period, risk stratification for advanced neoplasia based on the baseline findings can serve as a useful index.