Subramanian A, et al. - In this retrospective cohort study, researchers compared the incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with and without type 2 diabetes, and examined OSA risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients. They excluded patients with a prevalent diagnosis of OSA. In the 360,250 exposed and 1,296,489 unexposed patient cohorts, there were 3,110 (0.88%) and 5,968 (0.46%) reports of incident OSA, respectively. Significant predictors of OSA in a multivariate regression analysis of patients with type 2 diabetes were diabetes-related foot disease, being prescribed insulin in the last 60 days, male sex, being overweight or obese, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and depression. The association between type 2 diabetes and OSA was found to be bidirectional when considered alongside previous evidence. In addition to known OSA predictors, in patients with type 2 diabetes, diabetes-related foot disease and insulin therapy were identified as risk factors.