Larramendy S, Deglaire V, Dusollier P, et al. - In view of the worldwide increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) since the early 2000s and its involvement in 70%– 90% of community-acquired urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs), researchers sought the risk factors for CA-UTI caused by ESBL-EC via performing a systematic literature review. Searching the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science databases, they identified 5,597 studies; of these, 16 observational studies (n = 12,138 patients) were identified as eligible for inclusion. For CA-UTI due to ESBL-EC, following were reported to be the most relevant risk factors: prior use of antibiotics, previous hospitalization, and UTI history. Following were the risk factors linked with environmental contamination: travelling abroad, and swimming in freshwater. These findings may aid clinicians to modify empiric antibiotic treatments according to the patient profile.