Zhang Y, et al. - In patients with locally advanced esophageal carcinoma receiving chemoradiotherapy, researchers determined risk factors for esophageal fistula. Sixteen clinical parameters were assessed. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios and confidence intervals. The cumulative probability was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis. In this first prospective investigation of factors associated with fistula formation in patients with esophageal carcinoma receiving chemoradiotherapy, esophageal stenosis, T stage, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were identified as risk parameters in multivariate analysis.