Masuda M, Esu Y, Iino Y, et al. - Given that eosinophilic otitis media (EOM) is an intractable type of otitis media in which sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) progresses over time, researchers conducted this cohort study to focus on infection, one of the risk factors for SNHL in EOM, and analyzed factors correlated with it. One hundred forty-four ears of 72 patients diagnosed with bilateral EOM were evaluated. Several investigations, including blood tests, otorrhea/middle ear effusion (MEE) cytology, bacterial culture tests, and respiratory function tests, have been performed. TM perforation and the coincidence of otorrhea/MEE and rhinorrhea in bacterial culture test results were the risk factors associated with the occurrence of infection in patients with EOM. Since TM perforation is likely to occur even due to the administration of intratympanic corticosteroids, it is important to check if the duration of treatment is sufficient and to find a less invasive technique of administration. In addition, Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection presents a high risk to the development of SNHL, and clinicians should be alert to this possibility, even though the bacteria were found only in cultures of rhinorrhea samples.