Berticat C, Mamouni S, Ciais A, et al. - Researchers conducted this epidemiological cross-sectional study to simultaneously test modifiable risk factors suspected to be involved in the development of myopia in children, taking into account nutritional factors, in particular the consumption of refined carbohydrates. Between May 2017 and May 2018, 264 children aged 4 to 18 years attending the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Gui de Chauliac in Montpellier were selected. Refined intake of carbohydrates may be correlated with child myopia, with increased likelihood for girls and unexpected reduced probability for boys, likely due to the fact that frequency of consumption of carbohydrates does not really capture boy’s chronic hyperglycemia, boys being more physically active than girls at all ages. Some known risk/protective factors were marginally important for myopia: screen time (risk) and outdoor time (protective). This research supports the assumption that modifiable risk factors for myopia might be targets for future public health actions.