Kataoka Y, Yukihide M, Fukushima K, et al. - Researchers conducted the study for retrospectively documenting prevalence rates of delayed-onset hearing loss (DOHL) under 7 years old after passing the newborn hearing screening (NHS) program utilizing its database in Okayama Prefecture, as well as records from Okayama Kanariya Gakuen (OKG, Auditory Center for Hearing Impaired Children, Okayama Prefecture, Japan). They examined the percentage of children with DOHL among all children who had the NHS and surveyed risk factors abstracted from their clinical records. Data were obtained from 1,171 children, who first visited OKG from April 2006 to March 2018. During the period, 96 children with bilateral DOHL were identified, of which 34 children had failed the NHS unilaterally and 62 had passed the NHS bilaterally. The prevalence rate of DOHL in unilaterally referred infants was 5.2% and 0.037% in bilaterally passed children among all children who had the NHS in Okayama Prefecture. The authors propose the first English report of DOHL prevalence in the prefecture population in Japan, which is among the largest community-based population ever recorded. The NHS is not a perfect strategy for detecting all early-childhood hearing loss, therefore, careful assessment of hearing during childhood is required, particularly in children with hearing loss risk factors. Further interventional strategies like regular hearing screening in high-risk children and hearing and speech/language development assessments in public communities and nursery schools must be identified.