Haas S, et al. - Researchers focused on the predictors of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) vs vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) use for stroke prevention in patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) in the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) study. From patients who started taking anticoagulant (AC) ± antiplatelet (AP) therapy (NOAC 51.4% or VKA 48.6%) between April 2013 and August 2016, data were gathered. According to GARFIELD-AF data, a marked heterogeneity exist in stroke prevention strategies across the globe. Country, enrollment year, care setting at diagnosis, AF type, concomitant AP, and kidney disease were identified as the most significant predictors of AC therapy. The preferential use of NOACs was seen in patients with lower stroke risk, in the elderly, and in patients with acute coronary syndrome; VKAs were preferred in patients with permanent AF, moderate to severe kidney disease, heart failure, vascular disease, and diabetes and with concomitant AP.