Krittanawong C, Kumar A, Wang Z, et al. – In this study involving participants selected from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample registry, researchers explored factors that could predict mortality following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) according to the presence of heart failure (HF)—especially HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) vs HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The main focus was laid on in-hospital mortality. Overall, 11,609 patients undergoing TAVI were included, among whom baseline HF was present in 6,368 (54.9%), including 4,290 (67.4%) with HFpEF and 2,078 (32.6%) with HFrEF. They found that baseline HF was prevalent among participants, and was more commonly attributable to HFpEF vs HFrEF. Both HFrEF and HFpEF groups demonstrated similar mortality. Polyvalvular heart disease was identified as an additional independent predictor of in-hospital death in HFrEF, whereas additional independent predictors of death in HFpEF were age, liver disease, and the absence of depression and anemia. Patient selection and prognostication may be improved by acquiring knowledge of the specific predictors of mortality after TAVI in HF patients.