Versluys AB, et al. - A determination was carried out of the incidence, risk factors, response to treatment, and outcome of the pericardial Effusion (PE) after pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT). Pericardial effusion did not appear to be a rare occurrence after HCT. Young age served as the only prominent risk factor. Calcineurin inhibitor toxicity was found to be the primary cause of PE after HCT, and discontinuation effectively reduced PE. It was deduced that pericardiocentesis for PE was a safe and effective procedure. Pericardial effusion did not exert an effect on the survival after HCT.