Delbove A, Alami H, Tissot A, et al. - In view of the identified risk for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) after lung transplantation (LT), researchers sought to determine PCP incidence in LT recipients and describe its management and outcomes. They defined PCP as compatible clinical and radiologic findings linked with fungal identification. Inclusion of 47 PCP episodes was done in this analysis. PCP had annual incidence rate of 2.7/1,000 patients/year. Decreased FEV1, everolimus treatment, Pseudomonas aeruginosa coinfection, fungal coinfection (particularly Aspergillus sp), mechanical ventilation and vasopressors were noted to be correlated with mortality. Observations revealed correlation of PCP with a high mortality in LT. Per data gained, a lifetime PCP prophylaxis is supported in LT recipients. No clear conclusion could be made regarding the benefit of adjuvant steroids.