Roux M, et al. - In a case–control study, researchers sought for microRNAs (miRNAs) related to diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). For this purpose, they examined 23 T2D patients with DN (cases) and 23 T2D without (controls). Utilizing plasma samples from these subjects, a next-generation sequencing-based miRNA profiling was performed. They used quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to confirm main associations, which were tested for replication in an independent case–control collection of 100 T2D patients, 50 with DN and 50 without. In T2D patients, hsa-miR-152-3p plasma levels were found to be related to DN, as demonstrated by strong evidence. This corroborates a link previously observed in patients with type 1 diabetes.