Spadaro S, et al. - Arterial oxygenation is often impaired during one-lung ventilation, due to both pulmonary shunt and atelectasis. Researchers herein sought to determine the combined physiologic impacts of positive end-expiratory pressure and low tidal volume (V_T) during one-lung ventilation. They found that high positive end-expiratory pressure levels improved pulmonary function without increasing high V/Q and reduce driving pressure, during low V_T one-lung ventilation.