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Pathological risk factors for metastatic disease at presentation in testicular seminomas with focus on the recent pT changes in AJCC TNM eighth edition

Human Pathology Mar 05, 2020

Scandura G, Wagner T, Beltran L, et al. - Considering the paramount significance of the identification of pathological factors involved in metastatic disease in clinical stage (CS) 1 seminoma for identifying high-risk patients, researchers sought for the pathological predictors of metastatic disease at presentation in 332 testicular seminomas. As per the eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis staging system, pT1a has been separated from pT1b tumors according to a 3-cm size cutoff and invasion of hilar soft tissue and epididymis are upstaged as pT2. They identified 290 (87%) tumors as CS 1; 42 (13%) as CS 2/3. Patients with CS 1 had a median age of 36 years (20-81); those with CS 2/3 had a median age of 36 years (26-63). In CS 1, the mean tumor size was 38 mm (5-95 mm); in CS 2/3, it was 54 mm (8-95 mm). The strongest predictors of metastatic disease at presentation are tumor size and epididymal invasion, supporting the AJCC TNM eighth edition. Changes in American Joint Committee on Cancer Tumor-Node-Metastasis staging eighth edition have been validated in this work but a tumor size of 4 cm is suggested as a better cutoff value.
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