Sotiropoulos JX, Kapadia V, Vento M, et al. - Most clinicians resuscitated moderate-late preterm infants with lower initial FiO ₂, but some are unable or unwilling to target SpO ₂ or titrate FiO ₂. Most people believe that heart rate is a better predictor of infant response than SpO ₂. Clinicians support large and robust clinical trials examining oxygen use for moderate-late preterm resuscitation, including long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

• An anonymous online questionnaire was distributed to neonatologists in 21 countries (October 2020-March 2021) via REDCap via email/social messaging platforms.

• It was noted that 69% of the 695 respondents had access to oxygen blenders, and 90% had pulse oximeters.

• High-income respondents were more likely to own oxygen blenders than those from middle-income countries (72% v 66%).

• The majority started respiratory support with FiO ₂ 0.21 (43%) or 0.3 (36%), but only 45% titrated FiO ₂ to target SpO ₂.

• The majority (89%) thought heart rate was a better predictor of response than SpO ₂.

• Almost all ((96%) agreed that well-designed trials to investigate oxygenation in moderate-to-late preterm resuscitation were needed.