Zoll B, et al. - Given the existence of various surgical options for gastroparesis (GP) nonresponsive to medical treatments (refractory GP)—including gastric electric stimulation (GES), gastrectomy (GTx), and pyloric interventions (PI)—researchers compared unweighted (per study) and weighted (per patient) overall improvement and improvement in symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain for the different procedures. Compared with GES, pyloromyotomy/pyloroplasty was found to result in greater improvement in patient response. Weighing by number of studies, they noted greater improvement in nausea and abdominal pain with pyloric surgery vs GES. For GES, vomiting was found to be more frequently improved than abdominal pain. Weighing by number of patients, vomiting was better relieved by pyloric surgery and GTx than GES.