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Outcome of fetuses with congenital cytomegalovirus infection and normal ultrasound at diagnosis: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology Mar 18, 2021

Buca D, Di Mascio D, Rizzo G, et al. - This study was sought to present the outcome of fetuses with congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and normal ultrasound at the time of diagnosis, and to evaluate the rate of an additional anomaly detected only on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Researchers carried out to search Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases for studies reporting on the outcome of fetuses with congenital CMV infection. They assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes only in cases of isolated CMV infection confirmed at birth. Data were examined by random‐effects meta‐analysis of proportions. They included a total of 26 studies, comprising 2,603 fetuses with congenital CMV infection, of which 1178 (45.3%) had a normal ultrasound at the time of diagnosis. The data exhibited that the risk of adverse postnatal outcomes is lower than that reported previously in the published literature when not considering the role of antenatal imaging assessment, in fetuses with congenital CMV infection in which no anomalies are detected on prenatal ultrasound or MRI. The outcomes also demonstrate the potential role of MRI, even in fetuses with no anomalies detected on ultrasound, as an anomaly can be detected exclusively on MRI in about 6% of cases. The outcomes from this research could enhance prenatal counseling of pregnancies with congenital CMV infection with normal prenatal imaging.

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