Li Q, Liu L, Jiang S, et al. - In the present study, the researchers sought to optimize the formula of saffron compound essence (SCE), and examine the protective effects and mechanisms of SCE against skin photoaging. Using single factor and orthogonal experiments, the formula of SCE was optimized. Under ultraviolet irradiation, the optimized SCE was then applied to the back skin of mice. Using the optimal formula, the SCE prepared was golden yellow, uniform, fine, and viscous. According to the findings of this study, the optimized SCE has the effect of preventing skin photoaging, and its mechanism may be associated with the ERK1/2 pathway. As a result, SCE should be considered as a potential therapeutic agent for photoaging prevention.