Søgaard M, et al. - This Danish nationwide cohort study was performed to investigate the ability of nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) to mitigate dementia development in atrial fibrillation. Researchers examined patients with atrial fibrillation with no prior neurological diagnoses and compared users of NOACs or warfarin in terms of dementia development. Participants were new oral anticoagulant users with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (n=33,617). Prevalent non-oral anticoagulants–associated dementia was excluded. Participants were followed-up for 3.4 years. Users of NOACs or warfarin demonstrated no clinically significant difference in dementia development except for a higher risk observed in NOAC users 80 years and older, which could relate to residual confounding from selective prescribing and unobserved comorbidities.