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Neurological sequelae remain frequent after bacterial meningitis in children

Acta Pediatrica Aug 16, 2019

Svendsen MB, Kofoed IR, Nielsen H, et al. - After childhood community-acquired bacterial meningitis (CABM), researchers studied the incidence, clinical presentation and risk factors for neurological sequelae. Study participants included all children aged 1 month to 15 years old with CABM in North Denmark Region from 1998-2016. Baseline demographics, signs and symptoms at admission, laboratory investigations, and outcome assessed by the Glasgow Outcome Scale were registered using medical records. To analyze predefined risk factors for neurological sequelae among survivors, modified Poisson regression was used. The authors identified 88 cases of CABM in 86 patients with a median age of 1.4 years. The most common pathogen was Neisseria meningitidis. Neurological sequelae manifested as hearing deficits, cognitive impairment, and motor or sensory nerve deficits. Unfavorable outcome was observed in 18% of patients and 3% of patients died. The only independent risk factor for developing neurological sequelae was abnormalities on cranial imaging, as seen in adjusted analysis. In children, neurological sequelae following CABM remain frequent and abnormal cranial imaging can be an independent risk factor.

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