Yao X, et al. – This study was performed to investigate cytokines/chemokines in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) antigen–stimulated and –unstimulated plasma samples to identify host biomarkers that are correlated with active TB and MTB infection. Results of this study suggested that unstimulated or stimulated levels of cytokines and chemokines could be used as host biomarkers for diagnosing active TB as well as additional biomarkers, except IFN–γ, for MTB infection.