Li X, et al. - Researchers sought to determine the efficacy of infant hepatitis B vaccination and revaccination in 0- to 8-year-old children in the context of protective anti-HBs (antibodies against HBsAg) levels and cellular immune responses. By vaccination efficacy, the children were grouped as non-, low- and hyper-responsive (NR, LR, and HR) and the impact of revaccination on the NR group was assessed at 1 month following completion of the vaccination course. As a result of receiving hepatitis B vaccine in infancy, significant seroprotection was achieved by most of the preschool children. Significantly higher seroconversion rates were reported for individuals revaccinated after initial vaccination failure vs those after primary vaccination. Significant changes in circulating immunocytes were demonstrated by different vaccination efficacy groups. This might be a factor affecting the recombinant hepatitis B virus vaccine’s immune effectiveness.