Qu J, et al. - Given a high significance of analyzing the molecular characteristics of isolates for clinical and epidemiological study of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by M. pneumoniae, researchers conducted minimum inhibitory concentrations of macrolides, 23S rRNA gene sequencing, P1 gene and multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) genotyping on M. pneumoniae isolated from oropharyngeal swabs of consecutive CAP patients between 2010 and 2012. The isolates were macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae (MRMP) in 88.3% (181/205) of the samples; all of these harbored an A2063G mutation. M. pneumoniae strains could be further distinguished using MLVA typing while predicting P1 type. Higher M. pneumoniae infection in children could not be attributed to any specific MLVA type. Outpatients and inpatients display similar genotype circulation of M. pneumoniae. Macrolide resistance was noted in correlation with MLVA type 4/5/7/2, when MRMP rate is high.