Condorelli AG, Logli E, Cianfarani F, et al. - In this investigation, researchers identified microRNAs (miRNAs) deregulated in primary recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa skin fibroblasts (RDEBFs) and described their function in RDEB fibrosis. They used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to screen RDEBFs for expression levels of a group of miRNAs deregulated in hypertrophic scars and keloids, pathological conditions with abnormal wound healing and fibrosis. Compared with fibroblasts from healthy individuals, the miR-143/145 cluster was upregulated in RDEBFs. RDEBFs transfected with a miR-145-5p inhibitor displayed attenuated fibrotic traits of contraction, proliferation and migration, together with decreased expression of α-smooth muscle actin and transgelin contractile proteins. These impacts were linked to upregulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 transcriptional repressor and downregulation of Jagged1, a known inducer of fibrosis. The findings highlight miR-145-5p's profibrotic function and its regulatory networks in RDEB, shedding light on novel disease pathomechanisms and targets for future therapeutic approaches.